أسئلة endocrine فيسيولوجي mcq

[GOUTOZ]

دي أسئلة mcq في الأندوكرين في مادة الفيسيولولجي

ربنا يوفقني و يوفقوا

اتفضلوا



Question 1. Endocrine control:


A. Always depends on depolarization to trigger the release of a messenger.
True False

B. Is integrated with neural control at the level of the hypothalamus.
True False

C. Is often dependent on protein hormones.
True False

D. Relies on endocytosis of messenger molecules.
True False

E. Depends on secretion by ducted glands.
True False

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Question 2. Hormone transport by plasma proteins:


A. Is a characteristic of lipophilic hormones.
True False

B. Is important for hormones that act on extracellular receptors.
True False

C. Reduces the hormone's half-life in the circulation.
True False

D. Limits fluctuations in hormone activity.
True False

E. Is important in the case of parathyroid hormone.
True False

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Question 3. The posterior pituitary:


A. Develops from Rathke's pouch.
True False

B. Is an important site of peptide hormone synthesis.
True False

C. Releases antidiuretic hormone in response to hypertonic plasma.
True False

D. Releases oxytocin in response to mechanical stimulation of the breast nipple.
True False

E. Releases vasopressin in response to hypovolaemia.
True False

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Question 4. The anterior pituitary:


A. Is controlled by hypothalamic hormones.
True False

B. Controls the function of several peripheral endocrine glands.
True False

C. Secretes hormones manufactured in the hypothalamus.
True False

D. Secretes growth hormone during periods of psychological stress.
True False

E. Becomes enlarged during pregnancy.
True False

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Question 5. Thyroid hormones:


A. Are lipophilic.
True False

B. Are manufactured from iodinated tyramine molecules.
True False

C. Are present in the blood mainly in the T4 form.
True False

D. Are converted from T4 to active T3 by microsomal deiodinases in peripheral tissues.
True False

E. Are required for normal perinatal brain development.
True False

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Question 6. Aldosterone:


A. Has a longer half-life than the adrenal glucocorticoids.
True False

B. Is secreted in response to an increase in plasma [K+].
True False

C. Promotes renal absorption of Na+ and H2O.
True False

D. Deficiency may cause a metabolic alkalosis.
True False

E. Deficiency is likely to cause a large increase in [ACTH].
True False


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Question 7. Glucocorticoids:


A. Inhibit hypothalamic CRH production leading to short-loop negative FEEDBACK .
True False

B. Are anabolic steroids.
True False

C. Promote gluconeogenesis in the liver.
True False

D. Demonstrate a diurnal rhythm with maximal plasma concentrations before waking.
True False

E. Can lead to fluid retention and hypertension when present in excess.
True False

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Question 8. With regard to gastrointestinal hormones:


A. Secretin is stimulated by acid in the duodenum.
True False

B. Cholecystokinin stimulates enzyme secretion from the endocrine pancreas.
True False

C. Gastric acid secretion is stimulated by neurotensin.
True False

D. Gastrin secretion is partly stimulated by vagal activity.
True False

E. Enteroglucagon promotes intestinal motility.
True False

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Question 9. Hypoglycaemia:


A. May result from an insulin-secreting tumour.
True False

B. Increases the secretion of adrenal catecholamines.
True False

C. Dramatically reduces energy release in cardiac muscle.
True False

D. Can be treated with oral glucagon.
True False

E. Occurs most commonly in diabetic patients.
True False

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Question 10. Parathyroid hormone (PTH):


A. Is released in response to low plasma [Ca2+].
True False

B. Promotes reabsorption of phosphate in the kidney.
True False

C. Stimulates osteoblastic activity.
True False

D. Is under direct negative-FEEDBACK control.
True False

E. Is released from parafollicular cells in the thyroid.
True False


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Question 11. The following would increase net outward capillary filtration in the foot:


A. An increase in interstitial fluid pressure.
True False

B. A decrease in plasma albumin concentration.
True False

C. An increase in capillary permeability.
True False

D. A fall in atmospheric pressure.
True False

E. Arteriolar constriction.
True False


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Question 12. Systemic veins:


A. Have a lower compliance than systemic arteries.
True False

B. Constrict in response to activation of α adrenoceptors.
True False

C. Are the main resistance element in the circulation.
True False

D. Contain valves that promote venous return during muscle activity.
True False

E. Contain valves that help reduce venous pressure in foot veins during muscle activity.
True False

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Question 13. Sympathetic nerves:


A. Increase heart rate by acting on α2adrenoceptors.
True False

B. Reduce cardiac filling pressure by increasing peripheral resistance.
True False

C. Shift the volume-pressure curve for veins to the right.
True False

D. Promote autotransfusion from the interstitial fluid during hypotension.
True False

E. Are activated by increased baroreceptor activity.
True False

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Question 14. Regarding parasympathetic nerves:


A. They play an important role in controlling total peripheral resistance (TPR).
True False

B. Their transmitter has a negative chronotropic effect in the heart.
True False

C. Their transmitter has a negative inotropic effect in the heart.
True False

D. They activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the heart.
True False

E. They cause arteriolar dilatation in the penis, leading to erection.
True False

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Question 15. Arterial pressure:


A. Tends to decrease with age because of a fall in cardiac output.
True False

B. Is lower in the pulmonary than the systemic circulation because pulmonary vascular resistance is lower.
True False

C. Is kept constant over weeks to years mainly by the action of the baroreceptors.
True False

D. Increases in the systemic circulation in response to an increase in intracranial pressure.
True False

E. Falls when blood volume is reduced because cardiac filling pressure is reduced.
True False


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