السلام عليكم [الأرشيف]

scorpionking4999

12-14-2006, 09:01 PM

إليك أخى ما طلبت
أفكار الموضوع

؟what s a hijab

Hijab or ħijāb is the Arabic term for "cover" (noun), based on the root meaning "to veil, to cover (verb), to screen, to shelter"

In some Arabic-speaking countries and Western countries, the word hijab primarily refers to women's head, face, or body covering. But in Islamic scholarship, hijab is given the wider meaning of modesty, privacy, and morality.The word used in the Qur'an for a headscarf or veil is khimār

Hijab on the Holly Quran and Sunna
Qur'an
Islam's holy book, the Qur'an, orders Muslims to dress in a "modest" fashion. Following verses are generally interpreted as applying to all Muslim men and women.

“ Believers! Enter not the houses other than your own until you have introduced yourselves and wished peace to those in them. That is best for you that you may be heedful. If you find no one in the house, enter not until permission is given to you. If you are asked to go back, go back, for it is purer for you. Allah has knowledge of all which you do. It is no sin for you to enter non-residential places in which there is benefit for you. And Allah has knowledge of what you reveal and what you conceal. [O Prophet!] tell believing men to restrain their eyes and guard their private parts [if there are women present in these houses]. That is purer for them. And Allah is well aware of what you do. And tell the believing women to restrain their eyes and to guard their private parts and to display of their ornaments only those [which are worn on limbs] which are normally revealed and to draw their khumūr over their bosoms. They should not reveal their ornaments to anyone save their husbands or their fathers or their husbands’ fathers or their sons or their husbands’ sons or their brothers or their brothers’ sons or their sisters’ sons or other women of acquaintance or their slaves or the subservient male servants who are not attracted to women or children who have no awareness of the hidden aspects of women. They should [also] not stamp their feet in order to draw attention to their hidden ornaments. Believers turn to Allah in repentance that you may prosper. „
— Qur'an , 24:27-31

Following verses are taken to apply to the wives of Muhammad, though some commentators believe that all women should imitate their example.

“ Wives of the Prophet, you are not like other women. So, if you fear God, do not be too complaisant in your speech, lest the lecherous-hearted should lust after you. Talk with such people in plain and simple words. Abide still in your homes and do not display your finery as women used to do in the days of ignorance. Attend to your prayers, give alms and obey God and His Messenger. O woman of this house, the Almighty wants to cleanse you from the filth [these hypocrites want to besmear you with] and to fully purify you. Communicate what is taught to you of the verses of God and the wisdom revealed by Him [to your visitors]. The Almighty is very discerning and all-knowing. „
— Qur'an , 33:32-34

In following verses, Muslim women are asked to draw their jalābib (when they go out), as a measure to distinguish themselves from others, so that they are not harassed.

“ Those who harass believing men and believing women unjustifiably shall bear the guilt of slander and a grievous sin. O Prophet! Enjoin your wives, your daughters, and the wives of true believers to draw their cloaks over them [when they go out]. That is more proper, so that they may be distinguished [from slave women] and not be harassed. God is ever forgiving and merciful. If the hypocrites and those who have the ailment [of jealousy] in their hearts and the scandal mongers of Madinah do not desist, We will rouse you against them, and their days in that city will be numbered. Cursed be they; wherever found, they would be seized and put to death. „
— Qur'an , 33:58-61

Hadith
The hadith (Arabic plural ahādīth) are oral traditions concerning the practices of the early Muslim community. They were transmitted orally for more than a century before the first collections were written down. The hadith collections, accepted as canonical by Sunni Muslims, took their final form some three centuries after Muhammad's death.

In Arabic, the word translated "cloak" in the following passage is jilbab. Contemporary Salafis insist that the jilbab worn today is the same garment mentioned in the Qur'an and the hadith; other translators have chosen to use less specific terms:

'A'isha reported that the wives of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) used to go out in the cover of night when they went to open fields (in the outskirts of Medina) for easing themselves. 'Umar b Khattab used to say: Allah's Messenger, ask your ladies to observe veil, but Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) did not do that. So there went out Sauda, daughter of Zarn'a, the wife of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), during one of the nights when it was dark. She was a tall statured lady. 'Umar called her saying: Sauda, we recognise you. (He did this with the hope that the verses pertaining to veil would be revealed.) 'A'isha said: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, then revealed the verses pertaining to veil.Sahih Muslim Book 26 Hadith 5397
Narrated Anas: I know (about) the Hijab (the order of veiling of women) more than anybody else. Ubai bin Ka'b used to ask me about it. Allah's Apostle became the bridegroom of Zainab bint Jahsh whom he married at Medina. After the sun had risen high in the sky, the Prophet invited the people to a meal. Allah's Apostle remained sitting and some people remained sitting with him after the other guests had left. Then Allah's Apostle got up and went away, and I too, followed him till he reached the door of 'Aisha's room. Then he thought that the people must have left the place by then, so he returned and I also returned with him. Behold, the people were still sitting at their places. So he went back again for the second time, and I went along with him too. When we reached the door of 'Aisha's room, he returned and I also returned with him to see that the people had left. Thereupon the Prophet hung a curtain between me and him and the Verse regarding the order for (veiling of women) Hijab was revealed. Sahih Bukhari Vol 7 Book 65 Hadith 375, Sahih Muslim Book 8 Hadith 3334
Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Allah does not accept the prayer of a woman who has reached puberty unless she wears a veil.[Sunnan Abu Dawud 2:641
Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: Asma, daughter of AbuBakr, entered upon the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) wearing thin clothes. The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) turned his attention from her. He said: O Asma', when a woman reaches the age of menstruation, it does not suit her that she displays her parts of body except this and this, and he pointed to her face and hands. Sunnan Abu Dawud 32:4092
Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin: When the verse "That they should cast their outer garments over their persons" was revealed, the women of Ansar came out as if they had crows over their heads by wearing outer garments. Sunnan Abu Dawud 32:4090
Narrated Safiya bint Shaiba: 'Aisha used to say: "When (the Verse): "They should draw their veils over their necks and bosoms," was revealed, (the ladies) cut their waist sheets at the edges and covered their faces with the cut pieces.". Sahih Bukhari Vol 6 Book 60 Hadith 282, Sunnan Abu Dawud 32:4091

Debate and controversy

Critics of conservative interpretations of hijab point out that while many claim the hijab does not signify oppression, those for whom it does are not necessarily free to state their true views on the matter.

In some countries, there are no laws requiring men and women to observe hijab, but compliance with the local interpretation of hijab is widespread. Critics say that this compliance is not willing, but coerced. Citizens fear criticism or even violence if they flout hijab. Critics say that women who refuse to conform have in some cases been the victims of honor killings carried out by angry family members.
In several countries, most notably Saudi Arabia and Iran men must wear the national version of Islamic dress or face punishment by religious police. While some women wholeheartedly embrace the rules, others protest by observing the rules in slipshod or inconsistent fashion, or flouting them whenever possible.
Some women have dared more pointed protest. Iranian-American novelist Azar Nafisi, author of Reading Lolita in Tehran, has spoken against compulsory hijab, as has Marjane Satrapi, author of the graphic novel Persepolis. In 2006 Jack Straw the former UK Foreign Secretary caused controversy when he revealed that he had asked Muslim women to uncover their faces at his constituency meetings.

Turkey and Tunisia are the only Muslim countries where the law prohibits the wearing of hijab in government buildings, schools, and universities.

Supporters
Those who support a conservative interpretation of female hijab argue that critics are guilty of cultural imperialism. Many of those who condemn hijab are not Muslim, or are lapsed Muslims, they say. The French law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools and the recent banning of the niqab in the Belgian city of Maaseik[16] are seen by some to be part of a general trend of Islamophobia in the Western world.

Tracing the Victorian law of coverture, Legal Scholar L. Ali Khan provides a critique of the British male elite that wishes to impose its own "comfort views" to unveil Muslim women from Asia, Africa, and Middle East.

Some women choose to wear styles that are more ostentatiously restrictive than local mores might require - perhaps as a sign of Islamic enthusiasm and or piety. Some Western converts to Islam, such as Sultaana Freeman, have taken such enthusiasm to extremes. They refuse to show their faces for identity-card photos even though they face fines and jail sentences as a result.

Hijab in France
French law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools
The French law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools bans all clothing which may be interpreted as a religious symbol. It is typically justified as a measure to ensure the secularism and religious neutrality of the state - the principle of Laïcité. In December, 2003, President Jacques Chirac supported a new law to explicitly forbid any "visible sign of religious affiliation", in the spirit of laïcité. The law was approved by the French parliament in March 2004. It forbids the wearing of any "ostensible" religious articles, including the Islamic veil, the Jewish kippa, and large Christian crosses. The law permits discreet signs of faith, such as small crosses, Stars of David, and hands of Fatima. The law applies to students, but parents wearing such symbolic items may be refused entry to school buildings. Without specific legal prohibition, similar policies are applied in other state organisations and buildings, such as public hospitals.

Note that the French controversy primarily relates to Islamic dress as a symbol of Islam itself, and only secondarily to other factors such as face-to-face communication, or security risks. The new law says nothing about the wearing of Islamic dress in public (on the street), which is the primary concern in the Netherlands and Belgium.
أرجو ان يكون المقال كافى
و ان تدعو لى و للمسلمين بالهداية
و مرة اخرى لا تتردد فى طلب ما تريد
انشره فقط و ستجد بإذن الله من يعاونك